systemctl에 관해 정리한다는게 이제서야 하게 되었다. 하지만 간단하게..

 

chkconfig로 데몬들을 runlevel에 따라 기동하도록 설정해왔는데 fedora16부터인가 systemctl로 전향되었다.

하지만 이런저런 이유로 chkconfig도 겸용하고 있는듯하다.

 

현재 fedora에서는 /etc/systemd/system에 설정화일이 존재하는데 /usr/lib/systemd/system/의 하부로 링크가 걸려있는것도 있다.

centos도 같은 레드햇 계열이므로 구조는 동일하지 않을까 한다.

 

1. 목록 보기

systemctl 또는 systemctl list-units

systemctl list-unit-files

예1) # systemctl

UNIT                                                                                   LOAD   ACTIVE SUB       DESCRIPTION

proc-sys-fs-binfmt_misc.automount                                                      loaded active running   Arbitrary Executable File Formats File System Automount Point

sys-devices-pci0000:00-0000:...1-1x2d1-1x2d1.4-1x2d1.4:1.2-net-enp0s26u1u4i2.device loaded active plugged   802.11n_WLAN_Adapter

sys-devices-pci0000:00-0000:00:1b.0-sound-card0.device                                 loaded active plugged   7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller

sys-devices-pci0000:00-0000:....2-ata1-host0-target0:0:0-0:0:0:0-block-sda-sda1.device loaded active plugged   SAMSUNG_MZMPC128HBFU-000L1

sys-devices-pci0000:00-0000:...2-ata1-host0-target0:0:0-0:0:0:0-block-sda-sda10.device loaded active plugged   SAMSUNG_MZMPC128HBFU-000L1

sys-devices-pci0000:00-0000:...2-ata1-host0-target0:0:0-0:0:0:0-block-sda-sda11.device loaded active plugged   SAMSUNG_MZMPC128HBFU-000L1

sys-devices-pci0000:00-0000:....2-ata1-host0-target0:0:0-0:0:0:0-block-sda-sda2.device loaded active plugged   SAMSUNG_MZMPC128HBFU-000L1

sys-devices-pci0000:00-0000:....2-ata1-host0-target0:0:0-0:0:0:0-block-sda-sda3.device loaded active plugged   SAMSUNG_MZMPC128HBFU-000L1

sys-devices-pci0000:00-0000:....2-ata1-host0-target0:0:0-0:0:0:0-block-sda-sda4.device loaded active plugged   SAMSUNG_MZMPC128HBFU-000L1

sys-devices-pci0000:00-0000:....2-ata1-host0-target0:0:0-0:0:0:0-block-sda-sda5.device loaded active plugged   SAMSUNG_MZMPC128HBFU-000L1

sys-devices-pci0000:00-0000:....2-ata1-host0-target0:0:0-0:0:0:0-block-sda-sda6.device loaded active plugged   SAMSUNG_MZMPC128HBFU-000L1

sys-devices-pci0000:00-0000:....2-ata1-host0-target0:0:0-0:0:0:0-block-sda-sda7.device loaded active plugged   SAMSUNG_MZMPC128HBFU-000L1

sys-devices-pci0000:00-0000:....2-ata1-host0-target0:0:0-0:0:0:0-block-sda-sda8.device loaded active plugged   SAMSUNG_MZMPC128HBFU-000L1

중략....

 

예2) # systemctl list-units --type=service <== 목록중에 서비스인것

UNIT                              LOAD   ACTIVE SUB     DESCRIPTION

alsa-state.service                loaded active running Manage Sound Card State (restore and store)

atd.service                       loaded active running Job spooling tools

auditd.service                    loaded active running Security Auditing Service

avahi-daemon.service              loaded active running Avahi mDNS/DNS-SD Stack

chronyd.service                   loaded active running NTP client/server

crond.service                     loaded active running Command Scheduler

cups.service                      loaded active running CUPS Printing Service

dbus.service                      loaded active running D-Bus System Message Bus

elasticsearch.service             loaded failed failed  Starts and stops a single elasticsearch instance on this system

fedora-loadmodules.service        loaded active exited  Load legacy module configuration

fedora-readonly.service           loaded active exited  Configure read-only root support

irqbalance.service                loaded active running irqbalance daemon

kdm.service                       loaded active running The KDE login manager

lvm2-lvmetad.service              loaded active running LVM2 metadata daemon

lvm2-monitor.service              loaded active exited  Monitoring of LVM2 mirrors, snapshots etc. using dmeventd or progress polling

mcelog.service                    loaded active running Machine Check Exception Logging Daemon

NetworkManager.service            loaded active running Network Manager

polkit.service                    loaded active running Authorization Manager

rngd.service                      loaded active running Hardware RNG Entropy Gatherer Daemon

중략... 

 

예3) # systemctl list-unit-files <== 파일목록

UNIT FILE                                   STATE   

proc-sys-fs-binfmt_misc.automount           static  

dev-hugepages.mount                         static  

dev-mqueue.mount                            static  

proc-fs-nfsd.mount                          static  

proc-sys-fs-binfmt_misc.mount               static  

sys-fs-fuse-connections.mount               static  

sys-kernel-config.mount                     static  

sys-kernel-debug.mount                      static  

tmp.mount                                   static  

var-lib-nfs-rpc_pipefs.mount                static  

cups.path                                   enabled 

systemd-ask-password-console.path           static  

systemd-ask-password-plymouth.path          static  

systemd-ask-password-wall.path              static  

abrt-ccpp.service                           enabled 

abrt-oops.service                           enabled 

abrt-uefioops.service                       enabled 

abrt-vmcore.service                         enabled 

abrt-xorg.service                           enabled 

abrtd.service                               disabled

alsa-restore.service                        static  

alsa-state.service                          static  

alsa-store.service                          static  

중략... 

 

2. 서비스 상태 확인

systemctl status service명.service

예) # systemctl status elasticsearch.service

elasticsearch.service - Starts and stops a single elasticsearch instance on this system

   Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/elasticsearch.service; disabled)

   Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Mon 2013-07-15 13:41:37 JST; 15min ago

     Docs: http://www.elasticsearch.org

 Main PID: 19359 (code=exited, status=143)

   CGroup: name=systemd:/system/elasticsearch.service

Jul 15 13:35:46 viper systemd[1]: Started Starts and stops a single elasticsearch instance on this system.

Jul 15 13:41:37 viper systemd[1]: Stopping Starts and stops a single elasticsearch instance on this system...

Jul 15 13:41:37 viper systemd[1]: elasticsearch.service: main process exited, code=exited, status=143/n/a

Jul 15 13:41:37 viper systemd[1]: Stopped Starts and stops a single elasticsearch instance on this system.

Jul 15 13:41:37 viper systemd[1]: Unit elasticsearch.service entered failed state.

Jul 15 13:41:38 viper systemd[1]: Stopped Starts and stops a single elasticsearch instance on this system.

 

3. 서비스를 시작

systemctl start service명.service

예) # systemctl start elasticsearch.service

 

4. 서비스를 중지

systemctl stop service명.service

예) # systemctl stopt elasticsearch.service 

 

5. 부팅시 자동 실행

systemctl enable service명.service

예) # systemctl enable elasticsearch.service

6. 부팅시 자동 미실행

systemctl disable service명.service

예) # systemctl disable elasticsearch.service